Primary · Grade XII
Environmental StudiesSubject Code: ES1202 · Theory · 100 Marks The Grade XII Environmental Studies syllabus is divided into eight compulsory units . Each unit carries separate marks and together they form a 3-hour examination of 100 marks .
Overall focus: understanding environment through ages, ecology and ecosystems, human impact, contemporary environmental issues, conservation, sustainable development, environmental management and the link between energy use and environment.
Total Marks: 100 Time: 3 Hours All 8 units are compulsory.
Instructions: The syllabus is divided into eight units. Separate marks are indicated against each unit as shown in the summary table below. Learners must attempt questions from all units .
Environmental Studies - ES1202 · 100 Marks · Time: 3 Hours Unit Area Covered Marks Read More Unit 1 Environment through Ages 10 Read more Unit 2 Ecological Concept and Issues 15 Read more Unit 3 Human Impact of Environment 10 Read more Unit 4 Contemporary Environmental Issues 15 Read more Unit 5 Environmental Conservation 15 Read more Unit 6 Sustainable Development 10 Read more Unit 7 Environmental Management 10 Read more Unit 8 Energy and Environment 15 Read more Time: 3 Hours Total Marks 100
Environment - origin and evolution of the environment on Earth. Changing relationship between humans and the environment through different ages. Uses of the environment by humans for survival and development. Principles of ecology - basic ecological concepts. Composition of ecosystems - biotic and abiotic components. Various types of ecosystems (terrestrial and aquatic). Ecological balance and emerging ecological issues. Human settlements - rural, urban and industrial. Impact of human settlements on land, water, air and biodiversity. Population growth, resource use and environmental stress. Environmental pollution - air, water, soil and noise pollution. Natural disasters - types, causes and environmental consequences. National environmental issues and concerns. Global environmental issues - climate change, ozone depletion, loss of biodiversity etc. Conservation of biodiversity - in-situ and ex-situ strategies. Conservation and management of natural resources - soil, land, water and energy. Role of individuals, communities and governments in conservation. Concept and need of sustainable development. Sustainable agriculture - practices and benefits. Cleaner technology and eco-friendly production systems. Balancing economic growth with environmental protection. Environmental ethics - values and responsibilities towards nature. Environmental legislation and policies for environmental improvement. Organisations devoted to environment and water protection at local, national and global levels. Patterns of energy use and their impact on the environment. Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy. Energy conservation at home, school, industry and community level. Need for transition to cleaner and renewable energy sources. NP Nootan Environmental Education for Class 12 Grade XII · Environmental Studies · Prescribed Reference Back to top SERI empowers schools with global standards, accreditation support, and quality evaluation frameworks — enabling educational excellence across India.
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